I Think Educators Should Be Teaching Literacy - 3097 Words

Introduction: Dr. Seuss once said, â€Å"The more you read, the more you know. The more you know, the more places you’ll go!† (Reading Rockets, 2013). This is a perfect quote to describe how important and powerful literacy development is for students. Reading gives children an abundance of knowledge and teaches them new things that they will take with them out into the world. It allows students to gather useful knowledge and escape into something enjoyable and relatable all at the same time. This paper is going to explain my beliefs on how I think educators should be teaching literacy in their classrooms based on my personal beliefs of the balanced teaching approach. I am a progressivist and an existentialist and believe in a balanced†¦show more content†¦Letting them make text to self-connections will give them confidence in their learning and a better understanding of the material. The more confident students are, the more they will enjoy reading and want to learn (Parkay Stanford, 2010). Existentialism stresses the experiences of individual students, giving them a way to think about their own life and what has meaning and truth to them. The use of creative thinking is commonly applied during this teaching approach. Existentialist educators allow students to ask questions, draw inquiries, and find conclusions independently. I connect with this approach because I believe that children should be thinking creatively while putting themselves in personal situations that will connect them back to what they are learning. The benefit to this approach lets students pick experiences that they have had and apply them to their learning to provide them with meaning. This philosophy approach provides teachers with ways to implement hands on experience learning of their students (Parkay Stanford, 2010). A balanced teaching approach allows students to receive all styles of teaching. According to Pressley and Allington, â€Å"Our best understanding of the research currently available suggests there are valid aspects of both skills-emphasis and meaning-emphasis approaches when beginning reading† (2015, p. 53). Both approaches are

Different Types Of Law That Affect Their Business Essay

1. Introduction Adams (2008) defines law as a body of rules created by the state. Weatherguard Tiling Solutions Ltd is a tiling manufacturer. There are lots of different types of law that affect their business. This includes Employment law, Contract law, Tort law and EU laws. Keen and Riches (2002) explain that law affects every aspect of our lives; from the laws that govern employment to criminal activity. With the current changes at Weatherguard, they need to apply certain laws to their situations. This essay will examine the different types of law that affects Weatherguard and the implications when this is not followed. 2. Contract Law When a company employs staff, they must create a contact. This is a binding agreement between employee and employer, included within the contract will be the employee’s job role, holiday entitlement and leaving procedure. Abbott et al (2007) argues that in the eyes of the law, a contract is only legally binding if it is made in return for a promise or act. Weatherguard offers a wage and holiday entitlements, in return for the employee’s skills and labour. Furthermore, a contract would have been created between suppliers. Sands Ltd and Weatherguard will have a legally binding contract which means it cannot be terminated until it is fulfilled, breached, discharged by frustration or discharged by agreement. Sands Ltd has threatened James to stop supplying Weatherguard because of the falling value of the pound. To prevent this James couldShow MoreRelatedThe Importance of Ethics in Business Essay1475 Words   |  6 Pageseffect in regards to a decision they need to achieve. Without ethics directing the choice an individual makes, moral preferences of what should or should not be done becomes irrelevant. While ethical decisions are made every day there are two different regions in which these choices are made. 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Compare and contrast libraries and the internet as the two major sources of information for use in academic written work free essay sample

Everybody knows that academic written work is one of the â€Å"must† in educational system of every country. In this interact, communicate and technology era, when around 40 % of people a whole world are use the internet (A Day in the Life of the Internet, 2013), it is probably one of the greatest inventions in the century. But the presence of conventional libraries will still be one of the choices for students to get their knowledge, information and ideas for their academic written work. This essay will compare and contrast libraries and the internet as the two major sources of information for use in academic written work, and argue that both of them are a useful search tools assistance to acquire information and knowledge. This essay will examine libraries and the internet in two features: veracity and efficiency. The veracity of resource is a major priority for academic written work. The information, which we seek online, sometimes might be the fake or false facts. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and contrast libraries and the internet as the two major sources of information for use in academic written work or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The reliability and verifiability of the source of information is important for guarantee the quality of academic written work. The truth is out there, but so is the lie. We should be able to check the content and materials, also we should find multiple sources of evidence which are credible or cited. Conversely, the bulk of library involves books, newspapers, journals, documents, theses or even rare book and other special collections with the origin of information which is clear and documented. Most of the libraries materials are written by well-known authors, who come out with a certain theories or the professionals who are experts in knowledge in that particular field. The efficiency is a second aspect of the comparing and contrasting of libraries and the Internet for academic written work. The speed of information access between libraries and internet are uniquely different. Exploring information on the web gives many different types of opinions from research data. It is beneficial to use the internet how the way to faster find and to get enormous research resource and to find many available examples and information. Also, the fast accessibility of internet gives an opportunity to question findings and discuss concerns. However, we could still look for the resources in the library with help of indexes or catalogue label of books, newspapers and journals. There are librarians references, which also may help to find the right information. In my opinion, we always must use libraries and the internet together for academic written work and nowadaysin every library have free access to the internet. Because some information like statistic, academic research and thesis which we can find via the internet, but information in special subjects only in books. Consequently, both of them are a useful search tools assistance to acquire information and knowledge.

Investment Decisions Implications Capital Budgeting

Question: Discuss about the Investment Decisions Implications for Capital Budgeting. Answer: Introduction Sensitive analysis and scenario analysis both are performed for decision making regarding the investments. In a sensitivity analysis, many factors which influence decision is tested for seeing their sensitivity in decision making. Capital budgeting techniques are also used for investment decisions. Scenario analysis related to budgeting regarding the future cash inflow and outflow. This report is going to put light on the way in which sensitive analysis and scenario analysis used in capital budgeting technique. The capital asset pricing model is a most celebrated model of finance for asset pricing. This model has some assumptions and some theories which will be discussed in this report. The capital market line is also derived from capital asset pricing model. This line indicates the extra return by including risky stocks in the portfolio. This report puts light on both capital market line and capital asset pricing model. What is capital budgeting Capital budgeting is a technique which helps in decision making regarding the investment decisions. In capital budgeting, one estimates regarding the investment and revenue from any project (Myers, 1512). Sensitivity analysis in capital budgeting Sensitivity analysis gives some addition regarding the business decision using capital budgeting. There are many things which effect the decision making regarding any project like outflow involved in that project, duration for which project exist, inflow from the project and rate of expected return from the project etc (Chan, Saltelli, and Tarantola, 2000). Which factor is most sensitive for the project is measured by this analysis. The most sensitive factor can affect the investing decisions at most hence; this factor is required to be focused. This focuse is also required for ensuring that the most sensitive factor will fluctuate within the tolerable range, so that project must be profitable. Moreover, in this analysis two approaches are used by the decision makers one is the shock approach and another one is the margin of safety approach (Lenhart et al., 2002). In the shock approach each risk factor shocked at unfavorable direction at a specified percentage then percentage fall in net present value is estimated. For which risk factor percentage fall, in net present value is the highest will termed as a most sensitive risk factor. In the margin of safety approach, the net present value set as zero, and break-even value of each risk factor is calculated. Risk factor, whose margin of safety becomes lowest will term as a most sensitive risk factor. Additionally, this approach is having an assumption that all factors are independent (Helton et al., 2006). However in real world factors can be independent and can be not independent in some cases, like fixed cost and quantity are independent factors but price and quantity factor cannot be independent of each other. Scenario analysis in capital budgeting Scenario analysis is performed for evaluating outcomes of any internal and external phenomena on the project, like inflation is external phenomena but it effects the project investment decision, hence this analysis measures the effect of inflation on the profitability of the project. Scenario analysis shows the probable future of a project that can be different for reality hence it should not assumes an as accurate picture of future (Boundless, 2016). Most of the scenario analysis consists three scenarios first is the base case which is a most likely picture of future, second is the worst case it is the outcome from the pessimistic approach, and the last one is the best case it is the outcome of optimistic approach. In the scenario, analysis budgets play a most important role because scenario can only be seen by the budgets. In scenario analysis, through the help of budgets, one can make capital budgeting decisions like, where to invest, duration of investment, the amount of spending etc (Postma and Liebl, 2005). It is always recommended by the advisers that before any investment one should read every outcome from that investment. It can be concluded from this paragraph that scenario analysis is making a budget of future investment any make a study regarding each aspect of that investment. Moreover, there are so many advantages of scenario analysis. First one is it helps in escaping from non-profitable investments. This analysis helps in assessing the future situation of the project, which indicates all circumstances regarding the investment. It minimizes the risk factor through all projections regarding the future of the upcoming project (Clemons, 1995). It also forecasts regarding the return of investments. Additionally, scenario analysis is the result of many sensitivity analyses, the budget required for scenario analysis can derive only after performing sensitivity analysis. For making the budget as tends to the future one should know regarding the sensitivity of each factor and change in profitability on any change in specified factor and this information are the conclusion of sensitivity analysis. Capital asset pricing model The capital asset pricing model is a most used model in financial decision making. As per this model price of any asset is the present value of future cash flow which is discounted at a rate which is the addition of return from risk-free investments and risk premium. This model risk is an only systematic risk; this model does not consider unsystematic risk. As per this model, Expected return= Risk free return + (Return from market portfolio - Risk free return) * Beta of stock This model has some assumptions like, investors are rational, the market is perfectly competitive, all investors having homogenous expectations, there is the unlimited opportunity for selling and purchasing risk-free stocks and market is in equilibrium (Merton, 1973). Capital asset pricing model gives a concept of security market line; this line is derived from the capital asset pricing model. In security market line beta represents x-axis and expected return represented by y-axis. All truly priced stock lies on security market line. Capital Market line The capital market line is the extension of capital asset pricing theory, capital market line shows the additional return more over risk-free rate of return from a change in risk level. This line starts from the point where risk is zero i.e. return from risk-free stock and standard deviation represents x-axis and expected return represented by y-axis. This line shows the increase in risk and return by increasing risky stocks in the portfolio and compromising risk-free stocks from the portfolio (Sharpe, 1964) and provides a theoretical efficient market portfolio from which efficient frontier is drowned. This analysis helps the investors in investing decisions for achieving expected return for fair risk amount. The concept of capital allocation line also includes one more concept i.e. separation theorem, it is the process of allocating funds between risky and non-risky portfolios. Similarities between Capital asset pricing model and Capital Market line Capital asset pricing model and capital market line both models are used as the measure of risk and return. These both concepts establish a direct relationship between risk and return. Both models are used for making investing decision regarding the securities. In both model risk-free stocks play a significant role. Both models are used for calculating the market return. Differences between Capital asset pricing model and Capital Market line As per capital asset pricing model, there is an only systematic risk because this model assumes the investor is investing in market portfolio i.e. a most diversified portfolio of the market hence unsystematic risk of each stock canceled off. Capital market line considers both types of risk. Hence Capital market line uses sigma i.e. standard deviation as a measure of risk on the other hand capital asset pricing model uses beta as a measure of risk. Additionally, capital asset pricing model gives the estimate regarding the risk and return of the stock on the other hand capital market line gives the estimate regarding the risk and return of from the portfolio. Hence, capital asset pricing model used in decision making when an investor wants to invest in signal stock on the other hand capital market lines concept used by the investor when he is going to invest in the market portfolio. Moreover, capital asset pricing model gives the graph representation in way of security market line and capital market line gives its representation in for of capital market line itself. The capital market line is a representation of portfolio, on the other hand, security market line is a representation of a stock only. Furthermore, capital asset pricing model only considers market stocks but capital market line considers all risky and nonrisky assets. Although there are so many differences and similarity between two concepts but still, these are interconnected concepts of finance which help in security markets investing decision making. These models are one of most used models in the finance world. Conclusion This report concludes that in capital budgeting decision both scenario analysis and sensitivity analysis plays an important role, for appropriate results from capital budgeting one must perform these analysis. Through the use of many empirical supports, this report provides facts regarding the theories of capital asset pricing model and capital market line and similarities and differences in between these concepts. These concepts are used in decision making for investment in the security market. References Myers, S.C. (1512) Capital Asset Prices: A Theory Of Market Equilibrium Under Conditions Of Risk,The Journal of Finance, 29(1), pp. 125. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1974.tb00021.x. Chan, K., Saltelli, A. and Tarantola, S. (2000)Statistics and Computing, 10(3), pp. 187196. doi: 10.1023/a:1008950625967. Lenhart, T., Eckhardt, K., Fohrer, N. and Frede, H.. (2002) Comparison of two different approaches of sensitivity analysis,Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, 27(9-10), pp. 645654. doi: 10.1016/s1474-7065(02)00049-9. Boundless (2016)Scenario analysis. Available at: https://www.boundless.com/finance/textbooks/boundless-finance-textbook/the-role-of-risk-in-capital-budgeting-12/scenario-and-simulation-assessments-99/scenario-analysis-427-7232/ (Accessed: 21 January 2017). Helton, J.C., Johnson, J.D., Sallaberry, C.J. and Storlie, C.B. (2006) Survey of sampling-based methods for uncertainty and sensitivity analysis,Reliability Engineering System Safety, 91(10-11), pp. 11751209. doi: 10.1016/j.ress.2005.11.017. Postma, T.J.B.M. and Liebl, F. (2005) How to improve scenario analysis as a strategic management tool?,Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 72(2), pp. 161173. doi: 10.1016/j.techfore.2003.11.005. Clemons, E.K. (1995) Using scenario analysis to manage the strategic risks of reengineering,Long Range Planning, 28(6), p. 123. doi: 10.1016/0024-6301(95)99966-4. Merton, R.C. (1973) An Intertemporal capital asset pricing model,Econometrica, 41(5), p. 867. doi: 10.2307/1913811. Sharpe, W.F. (1964) CAPITAL ASSET PRICES: A THEORY OF MARKET EQUILIBRIUM UNDER CONDITIONS OF RISK*,The Journal of Finance, 19(3), pp. 425442. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.1964.tb02865.x. Sharpe, W.F., Alexander, G.J. and Bailey, J.V., 1999.Investments(Vol. 6). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.